战斗癌症 - 反思2016年世界癌日

4Th2月标志着年度World Cancer Day,,,,which aims to increase awareness about cancer. With the theme ‘我们可以。我能。’,,,,in 2016 it encourages us to engage in specific actions to fight the disease. Guided by that, we highlight some of the latest advances in cancer research, which can help us to move even closer to fighting cancer.

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尽管有希望的癌症治疗进展,但由于疾病而导致的死亡率仍然很高。杀人2012年820万人,有超过1400万例新诊断的病例,癌症是全球死亡的主要原因。*

Most of us know someone who has suffered from or still struggles with cancer, and news of cancer-related deaths is frequently covered in the media. Only a couple of weeks ago, David Bowie died ofliver cancerfollowed by Alan Rickman just a few days later, who died of胰cancer。两者都死于69岁。

It’s estimated that the annual cancer burden may increase to even到2030年2300万新案件。The前5名癌症杀手肺(2012年159万人死亡),肝脏(74.5万),胃(72.3万),结直肠癌(6.94千)和乳腺癌(5.21千)。

为了吸引全球尽可能多的人在2月4日谈论癌症。


Objective of World Cancer Day

一种number ofrisk factors众所周知会导致癌症,尽管我们无法改变其中的一些,例如衰老或家族史,但我们可以尝试控制其他与生活方式相关的危险因素:烟草,,,,酒精,,,,diet,,,,obesity,,,,阳光过度暴露,,,,to name just a few.

That’s why it’s vital “to get as many people as possible around the globe to talk about cancer on 4 February”, which is the key objective of the annualWorld Cancer Day

癌症研究和对公共卫生的影响

Cancer research is arguably well-funded (compared to many other diseases), but the underlying question has always been how much does society actually benefit? Aneconomic analysis经过Jonathan Grant和同事在BMC医学表明癌症研究的投资回报率很高。尽管及时滞后,但实际上是在癌症研究上花钱来“节省”癌症的未来成本。

了解癌症的遗传变化…

必须优先考虑,确保更多的妇女能够获得基因测试和救生预防治疗,无论她们无论居住在哪里,她们的手段和背景如何。


安吉丽娜·朱莉

In general,癌症是由我们基因的特定变化引起的我们可能会继承突变,从而增加我们对癌症的敏感性。最突出的例子是有害突变BRCA1orBRCA2基因,使携带者容易出现很高的乳腺癌和卵巢癌的风险。

安吉丽娜·朱莉in她的公开宣布解释说,她选择了预防性双乳房切除术,以大大降低癌症的风险。它触发了所谓的“一种ngelina effect”,对家族史和基因测试中心的入学增加,如乳腺癌研究

DNA测序
DNA测序
Istock照片

Recent advances innext-generation sequencing((NGS) give access to the vast information on individual gene changes, which in turn enables个性化癌症治疗。在社论for our article collection ‘前列腺癌的聚光灯’,,,,Sigrid Carlsson and安德鲁·维克斯(Andrew Vickers)表明现在的前列腺癌正在发生这种方法的变化。

But are we ready to use it in routine oncology practice? Cancer research experts shared their remarks in aforum article,同意NGS可能有助于确定临床试验的候选人,如Mark Robson,,,,it may not yet be useful in everyday clinical practice.

Can diet and exercise be the key to avoiding preventable cancers?

地中海饮食
地中海饮食
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一种reviewpublished recently inBMC医学确定了可能降低前列腺癌风险和进展的食物清单。有趣的是,它在很大程度上与地中海饮食,这已被证明有益于避免进展prostate cancer。Reports showing beneficial effects of this dietary modification looked as well at other cancer types, such ashepatocellular carcinoma(最常见的肝恶性肿瘤),stomach,,,,colorectal,,,,,,,,andbreastcancer.

最近荟萃分析took into account the relevant studies of cancer patient cohorts and the levels of physical activity before cancer diagnosis. It confirmed that the more physical activity we do, the higher the chances of overcoming the disease and the lower the risk of dying of cancer.

Weights and an apple
Weights and an apple
Istock照片

众所周知,吃健康的食物并在保持健康体重方面具有身体积极的帮助。好消息是,总体而言,这也有助于预防癌症,因为obesityhas been listed as another cancer risk factor. The prevalence of breast cancer diagnosis in men has rapidly increased over recent years; ahypothesis提出的表明,肥胖症的增加可能在这一激增中起作用。

一种number of studies evaluated if in general healthy lifestyle patterns help reduce cancer risk. For example, a largecohort study提供的证据表明,一个健康的饮食d maintaining a healthy weight, being non-smoker and reducing alcohol consumption decreases the risk of developing stomach cancer. Anotherstudyin postmenopausal women has shown that adhering to the一种merican Cancer Society Nutrition and Physical Activity Cancer Prevention Guidelines降低了所有类型的癌症的风险。

鉴于癌症研究的进步,我们鼓励您放慢一段时间,并在世界癌症日花费一些时间来反思您在您的触手可及的范围内为抗癌而做出贡献。’我们可以。我能。

世界癌日活动材料
World Cancer DayCampaign Material
Union for International Cancer Control (UICC)

*Cumulative for all types of cancer.

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Comment

拉瓦纳亚

嗨,宝琳娜,
I can We can is a very good initiative to make people aware of this dreaded disease. Lot of research is being done from various years to overcome this disease but I think its getting deadly with time.
但是,这样的帖子可以使读者充满信心,以保持习惯的控制,使我们可以以某种方式对身体进行检查。
Thanks again for such post.

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