结核病（TB）已经感染了人类已有多个世纪了，并且在发现负责该疾病的细菌之前，它以许多不同的名称知道肺结核，消费和白瘟疫。然而，尽管我们熟悉结核病，但仍在继续导致high morbidity and mortality。
尽管它可以感染身体的任何部位，但Mycobacterium tuberculosis感染肺或喉咙是感染形式，因为它是通过感染患者的咳嗽液滴传播的。
While TB was never completely eradicated, there was nevertheless a significant drop in cases and mortality rates, thanks to the development of the BCG vaccine (1921) and new anti-tubercular drugs in the 1950’s.
But the disease re-emerged. Prevalence increased to such a worrying level that the WHO declared it a global health emergency in 1993 and subsequently developed the结束结核病策略，，，，with the aim to end the global TB epidemic by 2035.
Whileprogress has been made in reducing与TB相关的死亡率，它仍然是最致命的传染病之一，尤其是在艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者中。管理和治疗充满了控制传输方面的问题，尤其是在increased global traveland overcrowding in some urban settings, increased drug resistance, limited diagnostic tools and lack of efficacious vaccines. At the same time,低速设置的专业知识much also be retained.
世界结核日2016年
To raise awareness, World TB Day is held on 24Th每年三月，这本身就是要纪念1882年的日期Robert Koch传达了他的发现Mycobacterium tuberculosis。The theme this year is团结结束结核病。
To acknowledge世界结核日2016年，，，，BMC医学andBMC传染病已经推出了一个article collectionguest edited by易卜拉欣·阿布巴卡（Ibrahim Abubakar），，，，海伦·弗莱彻，，，，马克·利普曼（Marc Lipman）and蒂姆·麦克休。The guest editors for the collection, along withPatrick Phillips，讨论当前管理和处理结核病的挑战This video
需要固定什么才能结束结核病？
In their社论介绍article collection,易卜拉欣Abubakar等人强调主要的块s to elimination of the disease: controlling transmission, the need for better diagnostics and treatment strategies, overcoming drug resistance and the need to develop efficacious vaccines. These factors were also discussed at the UCL-TB and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine’s TB Centreannual tuberculosis symposium在23路行进。
Identifying patients early is key to interrupting transmission, especially due to the rise in multi-drug resistant TB (MDRTB) strains. Control of transmission is further compounded by individuals with latent TB who may develop active disease with a drug-resistant strain which in turn infects other individuals.
但是，在资源有限的设置中的药物敏感性测试往往会对显示已知危险因素的人进行配给。如劳拉·马丁（Laura Martin）等人。在他们的研究中展示该策略容易在耐药结核病的情况下缺少对MDRTB患者的识别，因此建议在这些情况下进行普遍测试。
Fast, cheap and accurate prognostic and diagnostic molecular tools are urgently needed and, as thisreview由Carolin Hass等人作者。解释说，“ Omics”可能是答案。在开发改进的生物信息学工具之前，整个基因组测序（WGS）具有研究的潜力传播and resistance prediction based on表型and基因突变。
Sputum tests and urine-based lipoarabinomannan (LAM) assays have played a key role in identifying infected individuals, but many TB patients still remain undiagnosed. This is leading to increased efforts to enhance these tests, and最近的研究在LAM测定中表明，它可能有助于识别具有更高死亡风险的HIV-TB患者。
But once patients are identified, they embark on a长期治疗，因此依从性和副作用可能是有问题的。为了调查是否可以缩短治疗方案，REMoxTB trial测试是否可以通过将莫西沙星替换为异念珠菌或乙酰硫醇，从六个月缩短对药物敏感的结核病的标准疗法。但是，由于复发的风险，没有足够的证据支持缩短该方案。
不幸的是，我们已经30或40年没有看到对药物敏感结核病的治疗有所改善……我们需要更好的治疗方法，使患者更容易服用
Patrick Phillips
Problems with trial design and decision-making obviously transcend TB research, but using data from REMoxTB, Patrick Phillips et al. demonstrate that consideration should be given tovarious factorsbefore deciding how and when to advance to phase 3 stage of a trial. His team also propose a步试验设计方法，以便获得第三阶段结果成功的最佳机会。
为了真正有机会消除结核病，我们还需要有效的疫苗。Despite progress在该领域，尚未开发合适的疫苗。如在座谈会在杰基·谢伊（Jackie Shea）主持的会议中，当前的研究重点是各个年龄段的患者的结核病风险，并了解合并症对免疫反应的影响。定义正确的生物签名可能是释放急需疫苗的开发方式的关键。
通常，我们说开发结核病疫苗需要10年的时间，因此，如果我们今天不开始对此做些事情，我们将不会在2025年之前拥有该疫苗候选人
海伦·弗莱彻
再见结核病？
尽管有这些挑战，我们必须记住，这种古老的疾病是可以治疗的，并且在大多数患者中可以预防与TB相关的死亡。越来越重视靶向细菌，预测抗药性和暴发，精炼治疗方案，开发疫苗以及努力告知政策决策and有效的干预措施，我们有理由相信结束结核病策略将工作。
Making this happen by 2035 is dependent on funding for research, multi-disciplinary collaborations, and engagement with governments and policy makers to implement effective control and treatment strategies.Unite… to end TB!
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