BMC生态学和进化 -Hadrosauroid eggs and embryos from the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of Jiangxi Province, China

Hadrosaurid孵化器是否需要广泛的父母护理？Although eggs from these dinosaurs are relatively common, they usually do not contain enough embryonic material to help define the early ontogeny of these large herbivores that lived near the end of the Age of Dinosaurs. In this recent BMC Ecology and Evolution publication, researchers from the University of Geosciences in China and the Carletown University in Canada studied two well preserved fossil embryos from an egg cluster found in the Upper Cretaceous red beds of the Ganzhou Basin in China and reached the conclusion that altriciality was probably the original ancestral condition for hadrosaurids. Although the embryos were yet several embryonic stages away from hatching, their limb bone structure indicated that the younglings of this small and primitive lineage of hadrosaurs were incapable of moving around on their own soon after hatching, having to spend some time in the nest until their limb bones finished forming.

BMC怀孕和分娩–隔离，边缘化和剥夺权力 - 了解与健康提供者的互动如何影响怀孕的戒烟

有足够的烟说的有力证据g during pregnancy carries harmful effects, including an increased risk of miscarriage and placental abnormalities. Scientific studies also suggest that smoking cessation prior to 20 weeks of gestational age can eliminate that excess risk. However, socially disadvantaged pregnant women present lower success rates of tobacco discontinuation during pregnancy. In an effort to understand the barriers impeding antenatal smoking cessation in this population, researchers from the University of Adelaide conducted a series of interviews with 17 female smokers attending a metropolitan antenatal clinic in South Australia. Authors found that smoking was deeply embedded in these women’s socially disadvantaged lives. Quitting smoking was often a low priority as it was considered a necessary habit for coping with the challenges associated with their socioeconomic circumstances. These facts were the foundation of feelings of isolation, disempowerment, and marginalization around smoking from the general community, health service providers and sometimes their smoking social circle. The authors appeal to provide a more comprehensive health care approach able to cover the physiological, psychological, and sociological barriers to successful antenatal smoking cessation.

BMC癌 -现实世界中泛滥队列同源重组缺乏的基因组和转录模型的验证

基于DNA损伤感测和修复过程不足的基因组不稳定性是肿瘤发生过程中的一种启示性状。该特征已被利用以在不同的癌症类型中建立DNA修复靶向疗法，例如影响同源重组修复（HRR）途径的肿瘤。在这些情况下，BCRA1/2突变已被古典用作临床风险评估和管理的强大工具，但是对于没有这些突变的患者，仍然需要确定遗传和表观遗传改变的阈值。Leivowitz博士及其同事在其最新出版物中开发并验证了一个预测性诊断平台，用于评估广泛的癌症类型的同源重组缺乏（HRD）。作者结合了HRD-DNA方法，根据基于对全异位捕获RNA测序数据的逻辑回归模型的HRD-RNA方法测量了全基因组丧失损失。该模型在不同肿瘤中提供了基因表达HRD生物标志物特征，还检测到非BRCA1/2机制驱动的HRD。该研究强调了这种方法如何为在较低的双重BRCA损失频率的不同实体瘤中为HRD状态提供新的生物标志物。

BMC传染病 -SARS-COV-2疫苗抗感染，有症状和严重的Covid-19：系统评价和荟萃分析

The value of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines as a public health strategy to manage the COVID-19 pandemic is a fact, but after the administration of 12 Billion dosages worldwide there is still a debate on the necessity and frequency of booster dosing. In their latest BMC Infectious Diseases publication, researchers from the Penn State College of Medicine and Milton S. Hershey Medical Center conducted a meta-analysis of 18 randomized controlled trials and cohort studies aimed to assess how immunity wanes over time after full COVID-19 vaccination. Using a pooled cohort of 7 million individuals followed up for months, the authors offer data on how vaccine efficiency against infection decreases from 83% to 22% after just five months, while the protection against symptomatic COVID-19 declines from 94% to 64% after four months. Positively, their results support a robust and persistent 90% protection against developing severe COVID-19 after full vaccination. The study concludes with a data-based recommendation of booster vaccination for individuals over 65 years old and those who received Ad26.COV2.S vaccine.

BMC口腔健康 -牙医对远程介绍的价值的看法

COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of virtual dental consultations, as teledentistry facilitates access to oral health care for patients without having to leave the safety of their homes. In their recent study, researchers from the University of Colorado and the CareQuest Institute for Oral Health in Boston explore dentist perceptions and barriers to the implementation of this technology. Although the authors state that previous studies have proven that teledentistry delivers similar or better outcomes than conventional healthcare while also being cost-effective, their results show that only 23% of the 2767 dental providers participating in the study use virtual platform consultations routinely. Among the reasons for not adopting teledentistry, the authors found that a considerable amount of practitioners are still concerned about the level of care delivered through virtual platforms. The authors conclude that there is a need to develop training programs, supportive legislation, and insurer regulations to help promote the uptake and suitability of the use of teledentistry.