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患有艾滋病毒/艾滋病的amaxhosa妇女的疼痛

Pain is one of the most commonly reported symptoms in people living with HIV/AIDS. The prevalence of pain in women living with HIV/AIDS may differ from that of men as many chronic pain conditions are more prevalent in women than in men. This higher prevalence rate may be a reflection of cultural acceptance for women to report pain, but it may also be a consequence of differences in physiology between men and women.

Parker, Jelsma and Stein investigated pain prevalence, characteristics and management in 229 amaXhosa women living with HIV/AIDS. Almost 75% of the women interviewed reported pain, with the most frequently reported regions being the head/neck, followed by the abdomen.

该研究强调，疼痛风险并不是纯粹是由于女性增加了患疼痛的风险。研究发现，社会经济地位也被确定为疼痛的危险因素。该研究中有一半以上的妇女失业（66％），而其他研究则发现低水平的教育是增加疼痛的风险。

疼痛是患有艾滋病毒/艾滋病的阿马克萨萨妇女的普遍问题，但是常规的疼痛评估可以帮助治疗疼痛和伴随的精神病合并症。

Learning to live with osteoporosis

骨质疏松症是一种慢性疾病，可以导致骨骼骨折，如果未治疗，则会使人衰弱，但在健康个体中可以高度治疗。骨质疏松症的诊断允许在发生骨骨折之前开始治疗，但是诊断本身可能会给患者带来困难，因此可能不会遵循规定的治疗。

Hansenet al.诊断后的第一年，进行了一项纵向定性研究，以探索患者的骨质疏松症经验，以了解治疗的改善可能会有所帮助。该研究的纵向性质允许对诊断骨质疏松症的新生活环境的学习过程有深入的了解。他们发现，启动，继续或停止药物的决定是妇女经历的关键主题。结果突出了共同决策的必要性，以提高依从性并改善患者的结果。

How hormone therapy affects quality of life and breast cancer risk after surgery

3月，Siyam进行的系统审查et al.investigated the effect of hormone therapy on quality of life and breast cancer risk after risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), a surgery involving the removal of the ovaries and Fallopian tubes.

The authors found that several studies show the benefits of hormone therapy improving menopause-specific quality of life in symptomatic women who have gone through natural or surgical menopause. However, they were unable to draw conclusions relating to the safety of hormone therapy in relating to breast cancer risk, due to the lack of long-term studies available from which to draw conclusions. The authors urge the implementation of more well-designed randomized control trials in order to inform the use of hormone therapy post-RRSO, and in the interim, clinicians and patients must carefully discuss the potential benefits of hormone therapy in improving quality of life, in the context of the unknown risk of breast cancer in this population.

男性对与冲突有关的性暴力的态度和经历

For the female survivors of sexual violence, the consequences of are not purely physical; many survivors face negative social outcomes, such as rejection by their family or community. Survivors of sexual violence in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (where this study took place) have stated that the stigma and shame they feel after rape can be more traumatic than the attack itself, due to these adverse societal results. Recent research has found that male relatives play a critical role in how the community responds to the survivor of this violence.

凯利et al.通过使用焦点小组，调查了围绕性暴力事件后的配偶接受和拒绝的敏感问题。

Their results highlight the complexity of the topic, and how an interaction of factors affects the acceptance/rejection of a survivor of sexual violence. One the topic of “love and affection”, two contradictory views can be seen. The first:

“As I was in deep love with her, my decision came easily to keep her”

In comparison to:

“Even if you love your wife, if you see her be raped, the love vanishes”

总体而言，拒绝的驱动因素包括对性传播感染的恐惧，人的个人污名和社会隔离以及财务或后勤上的无法为幸存者提供足够的医疗保健。爱与感情，幸存者的经济贡献以及家中的孩子被描述为接受的途径。

男性包皮环切术对巴布亚新几内亚女性的影响

It has been found that male circumcision has the potential to reduce the risk of female-to-male transmission of HIV, and as such, is now being investigated as a possible HIV prevention technique in Papua New Guinea.

In a three-phase study conducted by Redman-MacLarenet al.研究人员首先调查了妇女对男性包皮环切术的理解和经验。在研究的第二部分中，雇用了妇女的焦点小组来了解妇女用来管理男性包皮环切术的结果。最后，参与者帮助确定了可以帮助艾滋病毒政策的地方级别的行动。

During the focus group, the researchers found higher educational level was associated with women having more choice relating to whether a man’s circumcision would influence with whom they will have intimate relationships, as well as whether they will push for their sons to be circumcised. Regarding the latter, one woman interviewed said:

“I wasn’t aware of that, now that I’m aware, believe me, I’m going to have all my boys in my family, I will do it and I’m gonna do it. I will have to get them circumcised, that’s it.”

研究发现，尽管有“男性事务”的想法，但巴布亚新几内亚的女性在男性包皮环切术方面非常有知识。但是，妇女对男性包皮环切术的看法通常与缺乏安全性有关，这是由于缺乏教育机会和巴布亚新几内亚的性别不平等的结果。