The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents an unparalleled challenge not only to our health systems, but also to our lives as a community. During the COVID-19 pandemic we have seen a lot of misinformation and polarization around topics related to the virus and its spread. In a commendable effort to shed some light on this issue, Escandón from Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, and colleagues present a comprehensive, engaging and well documented review that deconstructs six common COVID-19 false dichotomies: 1) Health and lives vs. economy and livelihoods, 2) Indefinite lockdown vs. unlimited reopening, 3) Symptomatic vs. asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, 4) Droplet vs. aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2, 5) Masks for all vs. no masking, and 6) SARS-CoV-2 reinfection vs. no reinfection. As a take-home message, the authors highlight the critical need for meaningful public health communication and science-informed policies that recognize shades of gray, uncertainties, local context, and social determinants of health.

The last report from the United Nations assessing climate change estimates a global average increase of 1.5 degrees Celsius in the next 20 years. Urgent climate actions are needed and governments should prepare to secure food sources with the ability to thrive under high temperature environments. In their study, Gonzalo and colleagues from Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain focus on one of the most important horticultural crops worldwide, the tomato. The researchers exposed 219 tomato varieties to high temperature stress in controlled greenhouse experiments and measured reproductive traits such as flower and fruit number production to evaluate their heat tolerance. Although extreme high temperatures strongly decrease these traits in most varieties, 15 of them showed significant heat tolerance as well as good agronomic performance in open field cultivation under moderate temperature stress. The study also includes a transcriptomic analysis that offers a wide look into the genetic control of the heat tolerance mechanisms, making it a valuable source for future breeding programs.

甚至在Covid-19严重损害了我们的社会联系之前，近年来，造成可预防原因的孤独家庭死亡一直在增加，尤其是在老年人口中。在本文中，来自日本东京大学的Nakazawa博士及其同事们对可穿戴设备如何为减少社会孤立的个人的单独死亡提供了有前途的平台进行了平衡的讨论，通过将他们迅速将其连接到更广泛的健康和社会服务。

The affordability, availability and functionality of these devices make them invaluable tools, but the authors point out that a successful social implementation will require closing the digital divide and tailoring devices to user preferences. In addition, the use of wearable devices must respect the autonomy and personhood of users and there is a need for proper governance of the information produced by the devices, such as policies to limit access to data from wearables and the purposes for which that data can be used.

作为全世界癌症导致的第二个死亡原因，大肠癌（CRC）仍然需要先进的预防和治疗策略。在这里，来自美国圣地亚哥分校的Purushothaman及其同事评估了与阳光不足的UVB暴露有关的维生素D缺乏症的累积致癌作用。

By using UVB estimates data for 186 different countries obtained from NASA EOS Aura Spacecraft, authors modelled Vitamin D deficiency’s effects as a function of time where long-term chronic deficiencies correlate with increased incidence of colorectal cancer. Increasing age and environmental factors such as lower exposure to UVB radiation (e.g. living at higher latitudes) directly translated into a higher incidence of colorectal cancer. This association was more prominent in age groups over 45 years, even after taking into account factors such as life expectancy, smoking, skin pigmentation or stratospheric ozone.

该研究强调了需要足够的公共卫生计划，以避免在国家和全球范围内，尤其是在UVB暴露较低的地区，尤其是在全球和全球范围内的维生素不足。

溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病等炎症性肠道疾病的全球发病率一直在稳步增加，促使人们对治疗方案进行了大量研究。

溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是胃肠道的复杂慢性炎性疾病，其特征是免疫失调和肠道菌群的改变。

近年来，粪便菌群移植（FMT）越来越多地用于治疗UC等肠道疾病，但先前的研究仅使用侵入性内窥镜或基于灌肠的方法。在这项前瞻性试点研究中，来自美国佛蒙特大学医学中心的Crothers和同事着手测试冷冻的可行性，安全性和功效，封装了口服FTM作为UC的治疗方法。经过2周的卧床口腔FTM治疗后，研究人员观察到供体诱导的粪便微生物组成的转移。这些变化的持续时间比以前仅使用结肠镜检查FTM治疗的研究间隔长4周。外周T细胞种群的纵向表型分析还显示，口服FTM后患者的IL-17A和IFNγ粘膜相关的不变T细胞阳性与IFNγ粘膜相关的不变阳性与临床评分的改善之间存在相关性。

Although this is a pilot study conducted on a small number of study subjects, it provides early evidence that warrants further studies on oral FTM treatments for UC.