BMC系列的亮点 - 2021年2月

• Associations between occupation and heavy alcohol consumption in UK adults aged 40–69 years: a cross-sectional study using the UK Biobank • A gap existed between physicians’ perceptions and performance of pain, agitation-sedation and delirium assessments in Chinese intensive care units • Impact of improvement of sleep disturbance on symptoms and quality of life in patients with functional dyspepsia • Trunk and lower limb muscularity in sprinters: what are the specific muscles for superior sprint performance? • Alleviating psychological distress associated with a positive cervical cancer screening result: a randomized control trial

BMC公共卫生

Associations between occupation and heavy alcohol consumption in UK adults aged 40–69 years: a cross-sectional study using the UK Biobank

饮酒和its associated consequences,包括癌症和心脏病在内,仍然是一个重大的公共卫生挑战。调查导致饮酒的因素可以帮助确定在何处针对干预资源。

作者发现职业与大量饮酒之间的牢固关联

利物浦大学,汤普森和Pirmohamed的研究人员调查了英国40-69岁的职业人士的职业与大量饮酒之间的关联。汤普森(Thompson)和Pirmohamed使用英国生物库来招募参与者。

作者发现职业与大量饮酒之间的牢固关联,,,,with jobs identified as skilled trades the most likely to be associated with heavy alcohol consumption. The largest ratios for heavy drinkers were observed for publicans and managers of licensed premises, industrial cleaning process occupations, and plasterers. Whereas clergy, physicists, geologists and meteorologists and medical practitioners were least likely to be heavy drinkers. The authors findings help to determine which employment sectors may benefit most from health promotion programs.

BMC Anesthesiology

A gap existed between physicians’ perceptions and performance of pain, agitation-sedation and delirium assessments in Chinese intensive care units

This highlights the need for prompt quality improvement

疼痛,躁动 - 分解和del妄(PAD)管理是重症患者护理的关键要素。但是,先前的研究突出了实际的临床实践与医生对PAD管理的态度之间的差距。周et al.通过一日观点患病率研究与现场问卷调查相结合,研究了中国ICU中的PAD评估的当前做法。

图5取自Zhou等人。

The authors concluded that the actual PAD assessment rate was suboptimal, especially with regards to delirium screening. There was a significant gap between the actual practice and the physicians’ perception of the practice. Physicians reported performing assessing pain and agitation-sedation in approximately only 20 to 25% of patients which is lower than previous reports. Therefore, the study highlights the need for prompt quality improvement and the optimization of practices of PAD management in ICUs in China.

BMC Gastroenterology

睡眠障碍改善对功能性消化不良患者症状和生活质量的影响

Many patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders have sleep disturbance and this impacts their quality of life. However, it is not yet fully understood how sleep disturbance affects the pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia (FD). Kuribayashiet al.对20名患者进行了一项前瞻性研究,以研究FD和睡眠障碍之间的关系。患者服用睡眠辅助工具4周,并在服用睡眠辅助工具之前和之后填写问卷。

4周的睡眠艾滋病给药可显着改善睡眠障碍

作者发现,由4周的睡眠辅助工具给药可显着改善睡眠障碍,因此,FD患者的GI症状,焦虑和生活质量也得到了改善。此外,作者得出的结论是,使用诱导睡眠药物的使用与疼痛减轻以及FD患者的消化不良症状有关。总体而言,该研究强调了睡眠辅助对FD和睡眠障碍患者的潜在益处,尽管需要大量病例的多中心研究来进一步研究。

BMC Research Notes

躯干和下肢的肌肉性:卓越的冲刺性能的特定肌肉是什么?

Previous research has reported that many muscles of the trunk and lower limb were greater in sprinters than in non-sprinters. However, the specific muscles that contribute to superior sprint performance for sprinters have not been fully identified. Sugaet al.examined the relationships between the trunk and lower limb muscle cross-sectional areas and sprint performance in well-trained male sprinters.

他们的发现表明,PSOAS Major和Maximus的较大的绝对和相对横截面区域与更好的个人最佳100m冲刺时间相关。因此,PSOAS Major和Gluteus Maximus可能是Sprinters出色冲刺性能的特定肌肉。该研究还证实了先前的研究,表明腿筋可能不是实现卓越冲刺性能的重要肌肉。

BMC妇女健康

Alleviating psychological distress associated with a positive cervical cancer screening result: a randomized control trial

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women基于全球和细胞学(PAP涂片)筛查对于早期检测和治疗很重要。尽管宫颈癌筛查是有益的,并且可以早期检测,但阳性筛查可能会导致心理负担。结果,这可能会影响对宫颈癌进行进一步检查和未来筛查的决定。

在对照组中,心理困扰似乎更高

Isakaet al.在日本进行了一项随机对照试验,with the intervention being the provision of cervical cancer information and cervical cancer screening information through a leaflet. The authors aim was to evaluate whether the leaflet would help reduce psychological distress. Women who were about to undergo cervical cancer screening received hypothetical screening results either with or without a leaflet, at random. Following the intervention, psychological distress appeared to be higher in the control group than in the intervention group among those who received a hypothetical positive screening result. Therefore, the authors concluded that information provision might help reduce psychological distress and recommend that cervical cancer screening programs provide participants with all relevant information.

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